Initial

Date

Topic

Analyze business problems by using functional and cost-benefit perspectives

Analyze customers’ needs and requirements for software

Analyze media and develop strategies that target the specific needs and desires of the audience

Analyze network system interdependencies and constraints

Analyze technical support needs

Analyze the effectiveness of online information resources to support collaborative tasks, research, publications, communications, and increased productivity

Analyze the purpose of the media to determine the appropriate file format and level of compression

Apply appropriate technologies to improve network performance

 apply knowledge of effective Web page design and management:

Apply multiple methods of evaluation to determine students' appropriate use of technology resources for learning,communication,and productivity

Apply online and other technology resources to support problem solving and related decision making for maximizing student learning

Apply technology in assessing student learning of subject matter using a variety of assessment techniques

Apply technology resources to enable and empower learners with diverse backgrounds, characteristics, and abilities

Apply technology to develop students' higher order skills and creativity

Apply technology to increase productivity

Collaborate in constructing technology-enhanced models, preparing publications, and producing other creative works using productivity tools

Collaborate with peers, experts, and others to contribute to a content-related knowledge base by using technology to compile, synthesize, produce, and disseminate information, models, and other creative works

Collaborate with peers, experts, and others using telecommunications and collaborative tools to investigate curriculum-related problems, issues, and information, and to develop solutions or products for audiences inside and outside the classroom

Communicate about technology using developmentally appropriate and accurate terminology

Compare programs by using control structures, procedures, functions, parameters, variables, error recovery, and recursion

Configure compatible systems across various platforms and types of media

Connects via modem to other computer users via the internet, an on-line service, or bulletin board system

Continually evaluate and reflect on professional practice to make informed decisions regarding the use of technology in support of student learning

Create developmentally appropriate multimedia products with support from teachers, family members, or student partners

Demonstrate a sound Understand ing of the nature an operation of technology systems

Demonstrate an Understand ing of concepts underlying hardware, software, and connectivity, and of practical applications to learning and problem solving

Demonstrate an Understand ing of the legal, ethical, cultural, and societal issues related to technology

Demonstrate and advocate for legal and ethical behaviors among peers, family, and community regarding the use of technology and information

Demonstrate continual growth in technology knowledge and skills to stay abreast of current and emerging technologies

Demonstrate introductory knowledge, skills, and Understand ing of concepts related to technology (as described in the ISTE National Education Technology Standards for Students)

Demonstrate knowledge of current changes in information technologies and the effect those changes have on the workplace and society

Demonstrate positive social and ethical behaviors when using technology

Demonstrate proficiency in the use of common input and output devices; solve routine hardware and software problems; and make informed choices about technology systems, resources, and services

Design and peer teach a lesson that meets content area standards and reflects the current best practices in teaching and learning with technology

Design and teach technology-enriched learning activities that connect content standards with student technology standards and meet the diverse needs of students

Design developmentally appropriate learning opportunities that apply technology-enhanced instructional strategies to support the diverse needs of learners

Design, develop, publish, and present products (eg, Web pages, videotapes) using technology resources that demonstrate and communicate curriculum concepts to audiences inside and outside the classroom

Determine when technology is useful and select the appropriate tool(s) and technology resources to address a variety of tasks and problems

Develop a portfolio of technology-based products from coursework, including the related assessment tools

Develop information technology-based strategies and project plans to solve specific problems

Diagnose and solve software application problems

Diagram physical and logical layouts of network communication systems

Differentiate among various versions of Internet programming languages

Differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate Use of technology for teaching and learning while using electronic resources to design and implement learning activities

Discuss basic issues related to responsible use of technology and information and describe personal consequences of inappropriate use

Discuss common uses of technology in daily life and the advantages and disadvantages those uses provide

Discuss diversity issues related to electronic media

Discuss technology-based assessment and evaluation strategies

Discuss the health and safety issues related to technology use

Distinguish between the topologies and protocols of local area networks and those of wide area networks

Evaluate and select new information resources and technological innovations based on their appropriateness to specific tasks

Evaluate emerging products, services, and business models in relation to the creation, setup, and management of network communication products and services

Evaluate support needs for different data and systems configurations

Evaluate technology-based options, including distance and distributed education, for lifelong learning

Evaluate the accuracy, relevance, and comprehensiveness of retrieved information

Evaluate the accuracy, relevance, appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and bias of electronic information sources

Evaluate the effectiveness of software to solve specific problems

Evaluate the features of communications software products in terms of their appropriateness to organizational tasks

Evaluate the systems-development life cycle and develop appropriate plans to maintain a given system after assessing its impact on resources

Evaluate, create, and process voice, video, and data transmissions

Evaluate, select, and deploy a variety of network architectures and protocols

Examine acceptable use policies for the use of technology in schools, including strategies for addressing threats to security of technology systems, data, and information

Examine multiple strategies for evaluating technology-based student products and the processes used to create those products

Examine technology tools used to collect, analyze, interpret, represent, and communicate student performance data

Exhibit legal and ethical behaviors when using information and technology, and discuss consequences of misuse

Exhibit positive attitudes toward technology Use that support lifelong learning, collaboration, personal pursuits, and productivity

Facilitate equitable access to technology resources for all students

Facilitate technology-enhanced experiences that address content standards and student technology standards

Gather information and communicate with others using telecommunications, with support from teachers, family members, or student partners

Handles diskettes and other computer equipment with care

Identify a simple problem that can be solved using technology

Identify and engage in technology-based opportunities for professional education and lifelong learning, including the use of distance education

Identify and locate technology resources and evaluate them for accuracy and suitability

Identify and use technology resources that affirm diversity

Identify capabilities and limitations of contemporary and emerging technology resources and assess the potential of these systems and services to address personal, lifelong learning, and workplace needs

Identify issues related to equitable access to technology in school, community, and home environments

Identify malfunctions and problems in hardware (eg, hard drive crash, monitor burn-out)

Identify safety and health issues related to technology use in schools

Identify some advanced features of software products (eg, galleries, templates, macros, mail merge)

Identify specific technology applications and resources that maximize student learning, address learner needs, and affirm diversity

Identify technology resources available in schools and analyze how accessibility to those resources affects planning for instruction

Identify technology-related legal and ethical issues, including copyright, privacy, and security of technology systems, data, and information

Identify the benefits of technology to maximize student learning and facilitate higher order thinking skills

Identify the elements, structure, sequence, operation, and control of systems

Identify, analyze, and evaluate emerging communications technologies for use in organizations

Identify, select, and use hardware and software technology resources specially designed for use by PK-12 students to meet specific teaching and learning objectives

 implement database management systems:

 implement quality assurance processes:

Integrate technology-based assessment strategies and tools into plans for evaluating specific learning activities

Investigate and apply expert systems, intelligent agents, and simulations in real-world situations

Investigate, evaluate, select, and use major types of systems applications and vendors, including retail, manufacturing, and service management

Know a variety of sources for reference materials (eg, online help, vendors’ Web sites, online discussion groups, tutorials, and manuals)

Know appropriate documentation support for information systems

Know appropriate policies and procedures to ensure the security and integrity of management systems

Know appropriate search procedures for different types of information, sources, and queries

Know basic characteristics and functions of an operating system

Know basic computer hardware (eg, keyboard and mouse, printer and monitor, hard and floppy disk, case for the CPU [central processing unit])

Know basic distinctions among computer software programs, such as word processors, special purpose programs, and games

Know basic facts about networked computers (eg, computers can connect to each other via modem and telephone line, or through local network systems, or internet and intranet)

Know common customer policies and procedures, including those for management and escalation of incidents

Know common industry-standard software and its applications

Know common organizational, technical, and financial risks associated with the implementation and use of systems

Know common potential risks and entrance points, including internal and external risks, and the tools used to neutralize them (eg, firewalls; monitoring; and antivirus, spyware, and spam protection)

Know common quality assurance tasks and their place in the development process

Know common techniques for disaster prevention and recovery

Know current and emerging industry-standard technology and trends

Know different requirements for structural design (eg, strength, maintenance, appearance) and that these structures require maintenance

Know examples of advanced and emerging technologies (eg, virtual environment, personal digital assistants, voice recognition software) and how they could impact society

Know examples of copyright violations and computer fraud (eg, computer hacking, computer piracy, intentional virus setting, invasion of privacy) and possible penalties (eg, large fines, jail sentences)

Know features and Use of current and emerging technology related to computing (eg, optical character recognition, sound processing, cable TV, cellular phones, ABS brakes)

Know how different systems and associated utilities perform such functions as file management, backup and recovery, and execution of programs

Know how feedback can be used to help monitor, control, and stabilize the operation of a system

Know how formats differ among software applications (eg, word processing files, database files) and hardware platforms (eg, Macintosh, Windows)

Know how part of a system can provide feedback when its output (in the form of material, energy, or information) becomes input for another part of the system

Know how specifications and codes are developed for new and existing software applications

Know how systems and software requirements are determined in various situations

Know how to acquire, use, and manage both internal and external resources needed when supporting various organizational systems

Know how to identify and integrate various types of peripherals and hardware to meet project requirements

Know how to implement a functional wired and wireless network, including the installation and configuration of components, software, and plug-ins

Know how to import and export text, data, and graphics between software programs

Know how to import, export, and merge data stored in different formats (eg, text, graphics)

Know limitations and trade-offs of various types of hardware (eg, laptops, notebooks, modems)

Know multiple ways in which to store, retrieve, and access information

Know multiple ways in which to transfer information and resources (eg, text, data, sound, video, and still images) between software programs and systems

Know names of basic computer hardware (eg, mouse, keyboard, touch screen)

Know of significant advances in computers and peripherals (eg, data scanners, digital cameras)

Know policies and procedures for routine administration (eg, user agreement, incident reporting, and recovery for users)

Know potential hazards to computer media (eg, the damage caused to floppies by magnetic fields, dirt, and dust; caused to computers by excessive heat, smoke, and moisture)

Know proper finger placement on the home row keys

Know strategies for optimizing Web design for fast delivery and retrieval

Know that a system can include processes as well as components

Know that a system usually has some properties that are different from those of its parts, but appear because of the interaction of those parts

Know that alternatives, risks, costs, and benefits must be considered when deciding on proposals to introduce new technologies or to curtail existing ones (eg, Are there alternative ways to achieve the same ends? Who benefits and who suffers? What are the financial and social costs and who bears them? How serious are the risks and who is in jeopardy? What resources will be needed and where will they come from?)

Know that communication systems can transfer information from person to person (eg, a telephone), person to machine (eg, a person inputting information into a computer), or machine to machine (eg, an automated payroll system where the record of the money goes from one computer to another)

Know that communication technology allows people to exchange and find information quickly, cheaply, and reliably over a distance

Know that group collaboration is useful as the combination of multiple creative minds can yield more possible design solutions

Know that new tools and ways of doing things affect all aspects of life, and may have positive or negative effects on other people

Know that people are always inventing new ways to solve problems and accomplish work (eg, a computer is a machine that helps people work and play)

Know that science and technology are pursued for different purposes (eg, scientific inquiry is driven by the desire to Understand  the natural world and seeks to answer questions that may or may not directly influence humans; technology is driven by the need to meet human needs and solve human problems)

Know that systems are embedded within larger systems, including technological, social, and environmental systems

Know that systems are usually linked to other systems, both internally and externally, and can contain subsystems as well as operate as subsystems

Know that technological knowledge is often not made public because of patents and the financial potential of the idea or invention; scientific knowledge is made public through presentations at professional meetings and publications in scientific journals

Know that technology and science have a reciprocal relationship (eg, technology drives science, as it provides the means to access outer space and remote locations, collect and treat samples, collect, measure, store, and compute data, and communicate information; science drives technology, as it provides principles for better instrumentation and techniques, and the means to address questions that demand more sophisticated instruments)

Know the alphanumeric keys and special keys (eg, function keys, escape key, space bar, delete/backspace, return/enter)

Know the appropriate uses of communication services, products, and applications

Know the appropriate ways to validate and cite Internet resources

Know the available resources for identifying and resolving problems

Know the basic design elements necessary to produce effective print, video, audio, and Web-based media

Know the basic functions of hardware (eg, keyboard and mouse provide input; printer and monitor provide output; hard and floppy disk provide storage; the cpu processes information)

Know the basic functions of media design software, such as keyframe animation, two-dimensional design, and three-dimensional design

Know the characteristics and functions of available quality assurance tools and procedures for a variety of situations

Know the characteristics of reliable, effective, and efficient products

Know the common features and Use of databases (eg, databases contain records of similar data, which is sorted or organized for ease of use; databases are used in both print form, such as telephone books, and electronic form, such as computerized card catalogs)

Know the common features and Use of desktop publishing software (eg, documents are created, designed, and formatted for publication; data, graphics, and scanned images can be imported into a document using desktop software)

Know the common features and Use of spreadsheets (eg, data is entered in cells identified by row and column; formulas can be used to update solutions automatically; spreadsheets are used in print form, such as look-up tables, and electronic form, such as to track business profit and loss)

Know the components of a communication system (eg,  a source, encoder, transmitter, receiver, decoder, and destination)

Know the differing capacities and trade-offs for computer storage media, such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, hard disks, and tape drives

Know the effective use of tools for software development

Know the full process of Web hosting, including registering domain names, setting up Web hosting, setting up e-mail addresses, and recognizing privacy issues

Know the functions of common help-desk tools and resources, such as incident tracking, knowledge database, and staffing

Know the functions of various tools used to manage projects involving the development of information systems

Know the fundamentals of programming languages and concepts

Know the methodologies of program maintenance to preserve intended program applications and the operation of scheduled batch jobs and real-time jobs

Know the processes needed to install and maintain systems

Know the relative features, strengths, and weaknesses of different authoring programs and cross-platform issues

Know the software development process

Know the standards and requirements for software quality assurance

Know the steps involved in the software-testing process

Know the tools and process for registering Web sites with search directories and engines and for enabling e-commerce capabilities (eg, sell products, create a shopping cart, and handle credit card transactions)

Know the tools needed to enable databases to collect data from Web site visitors (eg, how to create forms and create a database of collected information and how to manage an online database) and the tools needed for general Web site management, including basic HTML coding, Web site statistical tracking, standard scripting languages, and advanced communications protocols

Know the tools needed to enable multimedia capabilities (eg, still images, animated graphics, sound, and video) for Web sites

Know the types of networks and their features and applications

Know the variety of data types that are stored in database management systems

Know various sorting and searching methods and their comparative advantages

Know ways in which technology and society influence one another (eg, new products and processes for society are developed through technology; technological changes are often accompanied by social, political, and economic changes; technology is influenced by social needs, attitudes, values, and limitations, and cultural backgrounds and beliefs)

Know ways in which technology has influenced the course of history (eg, revolutions in agriculture, manufacturing, sanitation, medicine, warfare, transportation, information processing, communication)

Know ways technology is used to protect the environment and prevent damage caused by nature (eg, new building technologies protect cities from earthquakes, bacteria are used in cleaning water)

Know ways that technology is used at home and at school (eg, paging systems, telephones, VCRs)

Know ways to communicate design ideas (eg, pictures, models)

Make back-up copies of stored data, such as text, programs, and databases

Make informed choices among technology systems, resources, and services

Manage student learning activities in a technology-enhanced environment

Model and teach legal and ethical practice related to technology use

Observe and experience the use of technology in their major field of study

Observe common courtesies and acceptable use policies while telecomputing

Participate in online professional collaborations with peers and experts

Plan and teach student-centered learning activities and lessons in which students apply technology tools and resources

Plan for the management of electronic instructional resources within a lesson design by identifying potential problems and planning for solutions

Plan for the management of technology resources within the context of learning activities

Plan strategies to manage student learning in a technology-enhanced environment

PLANNING AND DESIGNING LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS AND E

Powers-up computer, monitor, and starts a computer program (eg, checks that printer is switched on and on-line; reboots the computer when necessary)

Practice responsible use of technology systems and software

PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

Promote safe and healthy use of technology resources

Research and evaluate the accuracy, relevance, appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and bias of electronic information resources to be used by students

Research and evaluate the accuracy, relevance, appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and bias of electronic information sources concerning real-world problems

rk cooperatively and collaboratively with peers, family members, and others when using technology in the classroom

Routinely and efficiently use online information resources to meet needs for collaboration, research, publication, communication, and productivity

Select and apply technology tools for research, information analysis, problem solving, and decision making in content learning

Select and use appropriate tools and technology resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and solve problems

SOCIAL, ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND HUMAN ISSUES

Students apply technical and interpersonal skills and knowledge to support the user:

Teachers apply technology to facilitate a variety of effective assessment and evaluation strategies

Teachers implement curriculum plans, that include methods and strategies for applying technology to maximize student learning

Teachers plan and design effective learning environments and experiences supported by technology

Teachers Understand  the social,ethical,legal,and human issues surrounding the use of technology in PK-12 schools and apply those principles in practice

Trouble-shoots simple problems in software (eg, re-boots, Use help systems)

Types on a computer keyboard, using correct hand and body positions

Types with some facility, demonstrating some memorization of keys

Understand  digital logic, machine-level representation of data, memory-system organization, and use of assembly-level programming architecture

Understand  effective methods of disseminating information and instruction to users

Understand  how some elements of simple systems work together (eg, people in a restaurant, parts of a bicycle)

Understand  how to develop the purpose and scope of a systems project

Understand  how to identify and integrate various organizational systems to achieve maximum efficiency and effectiveness

Understand  how to support access, privacy, and high ethical standards in computing

Understand  how to track software versions

Understand  implications of key protocols and international standards and their impact on data transmission

Understand  techniques for optimizing quality assurance processes

Understand  that actions can control software programs

Understand  that when an individual creates something on a computer, the created work is that person's property, and only that person has the right to change it

Understand  the abstract organization of information and how programs maintain the properties of the data structure while they perform such operations as search, insert, or load-balancing

Understand  the appropriate peripherals and hardware needed to achieve maximum productivity for various projects

Understand  the concept of software piracy (eg, illegally copying software), and that piracy is a violation of copyright laws

Understand  the criteria and processes for evaluating the functions of information systems

Understand  the development and management process of a show (eg, television programs, musicals, and radio programs)

Understand  the differences between simple and multiuser operating systems

Understand  the differences between various Internet protocols (eg, http, ftp, mailto, and telnet)

Understand  the differences between various network environments (eg, peer-to-peer, client-server, thin client, n-tier, internetworks, intranets, and extranets)

Understand  the effective management of human, financial, and communications resources from the standpoints of the user and the provider

Understand  the functions of various network devices, including network connectivity hardware

Understand  the hardware (server) and software required for Web hosting

Understand  the importance of classifying appropriate monitoring devices and procedures for quick identification and prevention of security violations

Understand  the necessity of and procedures for communicating and documenting technical support provided

Understand  the principles of a customer-oriented service approach to users

Understand  the principles of a customer-oriented service approach to users

Understand  the processes used in managing and maintaining various types of electronic networks

Understand  the purpose, scope, and development of a Web site

Understand  the security procedures necessary to maintain and support a network

Understand  the types of media storage and the use of appropriate file formats, and know how to convert data between media and file formats

Understand  the Use of listservs, usenet newsreaders, and bulletin board systems

Understand  the various structures appropriate for specific applications within database management systems

Understand  the ways in which specification changes and technological advances can require the modification of programs

Understand  the ways in which tools for developing applications can be used to create information systems

Understand how to identify and analyze the customer’s organizational network system needs and requirements:

Understand how training and support ensure efficient, productive systems operations:

Understand key aspects of project management:

Understand network administration through the monitoring of the information and network systems:

Understand network communication applications and infrastructure:

Understand network maintenance and user-support services:

Understand network project management:

Understand programming languages:

Understand software applications and life-cycle phases:

Understand the creation and design of a software program:

Understand the dynamics of systems management and control:

Understand the effective use of communication software to access and transmit information:

Understand the effective use of tools for media production, development, and project management:

Understand the importance of effective interfaces in the interaction between humans and computer systems:

Understand the importance of quality assurance tasks in producing effective and efficient products:

Understand the importance of reading, writing, and comprehending documentation in a technical environment:

Understand the potential impact of information systems in different organizations:

Understand the process necessary to accomplish a task by using effective resource management:

Understand the process of systems implementation:

Understand the process of testing, debugging, and maintaining programs to meet specifications:

Understand the strategies necessary to define and analyze systems and software requirements:

Understand the use of different types of peripherals and hardware appropriate to media and technology:

Use a logical and structured approach to isolate and identify problem sources and to resolve problems

Use a spreadsheet to update, add, and delete data, and to write and execute valid formulas on data

Use a variety of input devices (eg, keyboard, scanner, voice/sound recorders, mouse, touch screen)

Use a variety of media and formats, including telecommunications, to collaborate, publish, and interact with peers, experts, and other audiences

Use a variety of media and technology resources for directed and independent learning activities

Use a variety of online services (eg, purchasing, selling, tracking, communicating, banking, and investing)

Use a word processor to edit, copy, move, save, and print text with some formatting (eg, centering lines, using tabs, forming paragraphs)

Use advanced features and utilities of word processors (eg, Use clip art, a spell-checker, grammar checker, thesaurus, outliner)

Use appropriate software to design and produce professional-quality images, documents, and presentations

Use basic computer hardware, (eg, hunts for specific keys on keyboard, Use mouse)

Use boolean searches to execute complex searches on a data base

Use computers for a variety of purposes (eg, playing games, listening and interacting with storybooks, working with numbers, drawing)

Use content-specific tools (eg, software, simulation, environmental robes, graphing calculators, exploratory environments, Web tools) to support learning and research

Use content-specific tools, software, and simulations (eg, environmental probes, graphing calculators, exploratory environments, Web tools) to support learning and research

Use database software to add, edit, and delete records, and to find information through simple sort or search techniques

Use desktop publishing software to create a variety of publications

Use developmentally appropriate multimedia resources (eg, interactive books, educational software, elementary multimedia encyclopedias) to support learning

Use general purpose productivity tools and peripherals to support personal productivity, remediate skill deficits, and facilitate learning throughout the curriculum

Use industry-standard programs to produce a Web-based business operation or simulation

Use input devices (eg, mouse, keyboard, remote control) and output devices (eg, monitor, printer) to successfully operate computers, VCRs, audiotapes, and other technologies

Use keyboards and other common input and output devices (including adaptive devices when necessary) efficiently and effectively

Use knowledge of cognitive, physical, and social interactions to create and design user-friendly computer practices and applications that meet the needs of the market

Use menu options and commands

Use multiple online search techniques and resources to acquire information

Use proper fingering for all keys, beginning from the home row, maintaining proper posture while using the keyboard

Use technical skills (eg, pagination, printing, folding, cutting, and binding) to produce publishable materials

Use technical writing and communication skills to work effectively with diverse groups of people

Use technical writing and communication skills to work effectively with diverse groups of people

Use technology in the development of strategies for solving problems in the real world

Use technology productivity tools to complete required professional tasks

Use technology resources (eg, calculators, data collection probes, videos, educational software) for problem solving, self-directed learning, and extended learning activities

Use technology resources (eg, puzzles, logical thinking programs, writing tools, digital cameras, drawing tools) for problem solving, communication, and illustration of thoughts, ideas, and stories

Use technology resources to collect and analyze data, interpret results, and communicate findings to improve instructional practice and maximize student learning

Use technology resources to engage in ongoing professional development and lifelong learning

Use technology resources to facilitate higher order and complex thinking skills, including problem solving, critical thinking, informed decision making, knowledge construction, and creativity

Use technology to communicate and collaborate with peers, parents, and the larger community in order to nurture student learning

Use technology to locate, evaluate, and collect information from a variety of sources

Use technology to support learner-centered strategies that address the diverse needs of students

Use technology tools (eg, multimedia authoring, presentation, Web tools, digital cameras, scanners) for individual and collaborative writing, communication, and publishing activities to create knowledge products for audiences inside and outside the classroom

Use technology tools and information resources to increase productivity, promote creativity, and facilitate academic learning

Use technology tools and resources for managing and communicating personal/professional information (eg, finances, schedules, addresses, purchases, correspondence)

Use technology tools and resources for managing and communicating information (eg, finances, schedules, addresses, purchases, correspondence)

Use technology tools to process data and report results

Use telecommunications and online resources (eg, e-mail, online discussions, Web environments) to participate in collaborative problem-solving activities for the purpose of developing solutions or products for audiences inside and outside the classroom

Use telecommunications efficiently and effectively to access remote information, communicate with others in support of direct and independent learning, and pursue personal interests

Use various types of audio and video equipment (eg, digital cameras, recorders, scanners, Web cams, and CD and DVD recorders), as appropriate, for different projects

Use various types of networking models: